"", "Oropharyngeal airway" "What is the indication for an oropharyngeal airway?", "Emergency airway for impaired level of consiousness. It lifts the tongue off the posterior pharyngeal wall" "What are the complications of an oropharyngeal airway?", "1. Trauma to soft palate 2. Airway hyperreactivity 3. Gagging" "How do you use an oropharyngeal airway?", "It is inserted into the mouth upside down and rotated within the oral cavity" "What is the name of this?", "Tracheostomy (temporary)" "What is the indication of a tracheostomy tube?", "Allows more efficient ventilation in the intensive care unit Patients that have an upper airway obstruction/ severe maxfax trauma" "How do you use a tracheostomy?", "Insertion into a tracheostomy stoma which is a transverse incision 1cm above sternal notch" "What are the complications of a tracheostomy?", "Immediate - Bleeding, trauma to oesophagus Early - Tube displacement Late - Tracheoesophageal fistula" "What is the name of this?", "Self Inflatable Bag-valve Mask" "What are the indications of using a bag-valve mask?", "Patients with respiratory failure Patients unable to protect their own airway Patients undergoing anaesthesia in elective procedures" "What are the complications of a bag-valve mask?", "Gastric insufflation which can lead to vomiting and aspiration" "What is the name of this?", "Hickman line" "How would you use a Hickman line?", "Insert tube through the subclavian vein though subcutaneous tunnel" "What are the indications of a hickman line?", "IV meds for long-term use Long term parenteral nutrition Regular chemotherapy Blood sampling" "What are the complications from a Hickman line?", "Infection Incorrect insertion Damage to carotid artery Pneumothorax Thromboses" "What is the name of this?", "Hartmann's solution" "What are the indications of hartmann's solution?", "Provide normal daily fluid to a patient or supplement electrolyte loss It is typically used initially in trauma in ATLS guidelines" "What is the name of this?", "Vacuum drain" "What are the indications of a vacuum drain?", "Commonly used post-breast surgery Reduce incidence of seroma complications post surgery" "What are the complications of a vacuum drain?", "Occlusion by a blood clot or tissue Haematoma Infection" "What is the name of this?", "Laryngoscope" "What is the use of a laryngoscope?", "Place in left hand and use guide wire in right hand, to visualise larynx by displacing tongue laterally" "What are the indications of a laryngoscope?", "Aid endotracheal intubation Visualisation of larynx to aid diagnosis of problems/ strictures" "What are the complications of laryngoscope?", "Soft tissue injury Laryngeal/ Pharyngeal scarring Ulceration" "What is the name of this?", "Proctoscope" "What is a proctoscope used for?", "To visualise the anal canal and lower rectum and is lubricated and inserted in the left lateral position" "What are the indications of a proctoscope?", "Hemorrhoids" "What is the name of this?", "Intramedullary femoral nail" "What are the indications of a intramedullary femoral nail?", "Femoral shaft/ long bone fractures" "What are the complications of an intramedullary nail?", "Infection Malposition Implant displacement" "What is the name of this?", "Absorbable sutures" "What are the 2 types of absorbable sutures?", "Vicryl Monocryl" "What are the indications for absorbable sutures?", "Deep tissue repair Tissue that heals rapidly repair eg. Small bowel anastamosis, skin grafts" "What are the complications of absorbable sutures?", "Fraying Local tissue inflammation Infection Adhesions" "What is the name of this?", "endotracheal tube" "How do you use an endotracheal tube?", "Tube is inserted into trachea via oropharynx using a laryngoscope and then balloon is inflated using side port" "What are the complications of an endotracheal tube?", "Inappropriate positioning injury to larynx pneumothorax atelectasis" "What is the name of this?", "Devers retractor" "What are the indications of a Devers retractor?", "Open abdominal surgery" "What are the complications of a devers retractor?", "Injuries to other organs during the operation" "What is the name of this?", "Trucut needle" "What is the name of this?", "Drainage bag" "What are the complications of a trucut needle?", "Haemorrhage Tumour seeding infection" "What are the indications for a trucut needle?", "Take histological biopsies from specimens eg. breast lump" "What is the name of this?", "Central line insertion pack" "What are the indications of inserting a central line?", "Parenteral fluids/ medications emergency venous access fluid resus" "How would you perform a central venous insertion?", "Find internal jugular vein via ultrasound Use ultrasound to guide needle into vein Then place guide wire in vein Then place dilator in skin Nip the skin with scalpel Insert catheter whilst drawing guide wire out" "What are the complications of inserting a central venous line?", "Pneumothorax Sepsis Misplacement Thrombosis" "What is the name of this?", "CSF manometer" "What does a CSF manometer do?", "Measure the opening pressure of the CSF" "What are the ranges for the opening pressures?", "10-18cm H2O when lying down 20-30cm H2O when standing up" "What is the name of this?", "Disposable rigid sigmoidoscope" "How would you use a sigmoidoscope?", "have the patient lying in left lateral position perform DRE Lubricate and insert sigmoidoscope pump air into rectum to see rectal wall Can be used to take biopsies" "What are the complications of a sigmoidoscope?", "Continue bleeding Inflammation of rectum" "What is the name of this?", "Epidural Insertion pack" "What are surgeries are indications for epidural?", "Childbirth Gynae surgeries Hip and Knee surgeries" "What are the complications of an epidural?", "Haematoma Misplacement Damage to local tissue" "What are the components of an epidural insertion pack?", "Epidural needle Epidural catheter Epidural catheter adapter" "What is the name of this?", "Nasogastric feeding tube" "What is an NG feeding tube used for?", "Long term enteral feeding in patients" "How is a NG tube inserted?", "through the nose advancing down the pharynx Ask the patient to swallow Check correct positioning by taking aspirate/ CXR If in correct position remove guide wire" "What are the complications of NG tube insertion?", "Nasal ulceration Malpositioning Reflux Aspiration" "When should a non-toothed forcep be used over a toothed forcep?", "When in the peritoneal cavity" "What is the name of this?", "Fracture plate" "When is a fracture plate used?", "to hold pieces of bone that are too small together" "What is the use of gelofusin?", "it is an artificial colloid solution that raises the oncotic pressure - which is useful in shock or trauma" "What is the name of this?", "Hemiarthroplasty prosthesis" "When is a hemiarthroplasty used?", "Intracapsular neck of femur fractures" "What is the use of instillagel?", "it contains local anaesthetic and lubricant gel for male and female cathetherisation" "What is the name of this?", "Laproscopic port" "What is the name of this?", "Laryngoscope" "What is the indication for laryngoscope?", "Aid intubation Visualisation of larynx" "What is the complications of laryngoscope?", "Soft tissue injury Laryngeal and pharyngeal scarring Abscess" "What is the name of this?", "Laryngeal mask" "What is the name of this?", "iGel" "When is a laryngeal mask/igel indicated?", "They are the step prior to intubation Cardiac arrest Elective procedures Pre hsopital airway management" "How to use an igel?", "Put in standing behind patient with the number on the igel facing towards you" "What are the complications of a laryngeal mask/ airway?", "Pressure lesions Nerve palsies Risk of aspiration" "What is the name of this?", "Leg bag" "What are the complications of a leg bag?", "Skin irritation Risk of restricting lymphatic flow/ blood drainage" "What is the name of this?", "Monopolar diathermy needle" "What is a monopolar diathermy needle used for?", "Cut or coagulate tissue with high frequency current" "What are the complications of monopolar diathermy needle?", "Thermal injury to surrounding tissue Contrainidcated in those with pacemakers" "What is the name of this?", "Nebuliser mask" "What is a nebuliser mask used for?", "Used to deliver liquid medication to lungs via inhalation" "How do you use a nebuliser mask?", "Pour liquid into medicine cup and attach medicine cup to the mask" "What are the complications of using a nebuliser mask?", "infection if nebuliser isnt fitted properly" "What is the name of this?", "Non rebreather mask" "What is a non breather used for?", "Used for unwell for sats 85-90%" "What are the complications of using a non-breather mask?", "Dry mouth Oxygen toxicity" "What is the name of this?", "Oxygen tubing" "What is the name of this?", "Seldinger Chest drain insertion pack" "What is the complications associated with an oxygen tube?", "Trip hazard due to cable slack" "What are the indications of chest drain insertion?", "Tube may be dislodged or fall out Tube may be congested Infection may occur at the site" "What is a chest drain used for?", "remove air, fluid and pus that has collected in the pleural space" "What is the name of this?", "Spinal needle" "What are the complications of a stoma bag?", "irritation of the skin surrounding the stoma Leakage of the stoma bag" "What is the name of this?", "Two way urinary catheter" "What is the name of this?", "Three-way urinary catheter" "What are the complications of a urinary catheter?", "Infection Urethral injury" "What is a two way urinary catheter used for?", "To relieve urinary retention Short term drainage of bladder" "What is a three-way catheter used for?", "Irrigate bladder to prevent/ manage blood clots in bladder relieve short term urinary retention Short term drainage of bladder" "What is the name of this?", "Swan ganz catheter" "What is a swan Ganz catheter used for?", "Used to measure the pressures in the heart Measure cardiac output Measure pulmonary wedged pressure" "When is a swan ganz catheter used?", "In intensive care setting" "What are the complications of a swan ganz catheter?", "Infection Pneumothorax Thrombosis Misplacement" "What is the name of this?", "Urometer Drainage bag" "What is a urometer drainage bag used for?", "Measuring urine output per hour and used during and post surgery to assess fluid status" "What is the complication of a urometer drainage bag?", "Ascending infection" "When are compression stockings contraindicated?", "In people with peripheral arterial disease"
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