3 sections of the ear (How we hear)
Outer ear - acoustic energy
Middle ear - mechanical energy
Inner ear - neural energy
Signs and symptoms of ICP
Headache, nausea and vomiting, blurred vision, unequal pupils, Cushing triad (Brady, increase in BP, chain stokes), confusion
3 small bones of the middle ear
MALLEUS,
INCUS,
STAPLES
Outline the physiology of hearing
1 Sound waves are gathered and funnelled by the pinna and ear canal.
2 Sound waves make the eardrum vibrate.
3 the eardrum makes the ossicles vibrate.
4 vibrating ossicles makes liquid in the cochlear move which stimulates the hair cells.
5 the hair cells send messages via the auditory nerve to the brain.
Methods to assess pain levels and the age groups
<5 use FLACC
5-7 use wong Baker
>8 years use analogue pain scale